考研英语段落翻译真题
下面是小编整理的考研英语段落翻译真题，希望对大家有帮助。
【考研英语段落翻译真题】
46) This movement，driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.
47)The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European people with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.
48)But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes.
49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th- and -16th-century explorations of North American.
50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia.
【题目解析】
46)本句重点词语：driven by 在…的驱动下，by its nature 从本质上，它的性质，
shape做动词当"塑造"讲。本句是一个由and连接的并列句，其中driven by powerful and diverse motivations,和by its nature为插入语结构。
47)本句重点词语：principle做形容词，意为"主要的"， national characteristics 意为"民族特色，特点"，modify意为"修改，改变"。多次考察了of和with引导的后置定语的翻译，前三小句为并列结构表原因，第四小句为句子主干。
48)本句重点词语：peculiar to，意为"特殊的，特有的"， national groups意为"民族"，固定搭配in a raw 意为"原始的"，sheer意为"完全的，纯粹的"。
49)本句重点词语：immigrant"移民"， explorations"探索"，bound for "驶往，开往"。其中，which is now the United States为定语从句修饰限定前文的the territory。
50)本句重点词语：treasure-house"宝库"，all the way down to "一直"，extend from…to…"从…延伸到…。其中with引导的介词短语做后置定语，which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia为定语从句修饰前面的treasure-house。
【参考译文】
46)在多种强大的动机驱动下，这次运动在一片荒野上建起了一个国家，其本身塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。
47)美国是两种主要力量的产物--即思想习俗、民族特色各异的欧洲移民和修改这些特征的新国家的影响的产物。
48)但由于美国特有的地理条件,不同民族的相互作用,以及维护原始老式方式的纯粹困难,新大陆引起了重大变化。
49)在15-16世纪北美探索的一百多年之后，运往该领土-即当今的美国-的第一船移民横渡了大西洋。
50)拥有丰富多样树种的原始森林是一个真正的宝库，它从缅因州一直延伸到乔治亚州。
考研英语段落翻译真题：
One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that mostmembers of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members ofthe biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled tocontinuance.
When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it .Weinvert excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of century songbirds weresupposed to be disappearing. (46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctlyshaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.
It is painful to read these round about accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, (47) butwe have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as amatter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantageto us.
A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. (48) Timewas when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creaturespreserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on"worthless" species.
Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters becausethey grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops. (49) In Europe,where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species arerecognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, withinreason.
To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelesslylopsided. (50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements inthe land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthyfunctioning. It assumes, falsely, I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock willfunction without the uneconomic parts.
完全以经济动机为基础的守恒系统中，存在一个基本的弱点，即陆生群落的大多数成员都没有经济价值。然而这些生物是生物群落的成员，如果群落的稳定性取决于其完整性，他们就有权持续生存。
当其中一个非经济类别受到威胁时，如果我们碰巧喜爱这个类别，就会创造借口使其具有经济意义。本世纪初，鸣禽原本正在消失。(46)科学家们匆匆赶来救援，但证据是明显站不住脚的。大意就是，如果鸟不能控制这些虫子，虫子就会吃光一切。这个证据必须是经济的，才是有效的。
如今阅读这些拐弯抹角的论述令人痛心。我们还没有土地伦理，(47)但是，我们至少比较一致地认可这样一种观点，即：无论鸟类对我们是否具有经济价值，他们都应该继续享有其固有的生物权利。
类似的情况存在于食肉的哺乳动物和捕食鱼的鸟类中。(48)生物学家们曾一度滥用这个证据：这些生物通过残杀弱者来维持生物链条的健康发展，或者只是捕食“无价值的物种”。 因此在这里，证据必须是经济的，才是有效的。天敌是社会的成员，任何具有特殊要求的集团都无权为了自身真实的或想象的利益消灭它们。
有些种类的树木被一些只具备经济头脑的林业员认为是“非我族类”，因为它们发育过慢，或作为木材销售价值过低。(49)欧洲的林业生态发展比较先进。那些没有商业价值的树种被视为原始森林群落的成员而被合理保护。此外，人们发现一些树种在保持土壤的肥沃方面具有重要作用。森林和构成森林的不同的树种，地面植物以及动物之间的相互依赖是理所当然的。
由于有些树种成长缓慢甚或是作为木材的价值也太低，所以一些受经济利益驱使的人就将这些树种完全抛弃。总而言之：一种守恒系统完全基于自身经济利益是倾斜无望的。(50)这样的体系容易忽视、并最终灭绝了生物群落中的许多元素。然而这些元素虽然缺少商业价值，但对整个群落的健康运动却至关重要。它虚假地认为生物时钟的经济部分可以在缺少非经济部分的情况下继续起作用。